Michelangelo's David: praised throughout history as one of the most perfect masculine forms known to man. Bodybuilders of the Golden Age, true masters at constructing sculpture-like lines of physical perfection. What did all these masters of human form know?
Wide and powerful shoulders are the quintessential cornerstone of power, strength and the oft-forgotten symmetrical form. Build biceps until you're blue in the face, You'll never get that picture-perfect, top-to-bottom taper without great delts. Whether you're on the beach or in a dress shirt, well developed, detailed delts will get you noticed and respected.
Ever wonder why so many shirts and jackets have built in shoulder padding? The deltoids muscles are the first area the eye is drawn to on a
physique, whether on a stage or on the street. First impressions are critical and at first glance, the development of the shoulders can give the impression of a bookworm, an athlete, or a superhero incarnate. The artisans of ages sought out to create the perfect physique from stone and marble. Whether your goal is to sculpt shoulders to appease the gods, or mere mortals, we're going to give you the tools to chisel the kind of shoulders that'll inspire some artistic worship.
Symmetry is the balance and harmony between parts. The deltoids have three heads-anterior (front), medial (middle) and posterior (rear). The delts also flank the upper chest/pectorals from the front and the trapezius from the rear. To create a harmonious flow from front to back, all three heads of the deltoids need to be developed in proportion to one another. The way to do this is to give an equal amount of attention to each head by isolating and pre-exhausting individual muscles. Then, fully fatigue the entire deltoid complex, by employing compound exercises, to tie them all together.
More often than not, the posterior deltoids (or rear delts) are underdeveloped when contrasted with the medial and anterior deltoids (or mid and front delts). The front and, to some extent, mid delts are secondary and tertiary muscles used when performing pressing exercises for chest. WHY IS THIS Therefore, these areas may already have significant development, since most trainers begin their regimens with the bench press. However, the rear delts, although used during several rowing exercises for the back, are not as easily developed from rowing alone and require isolation exercises.
An easy method to bring any lagging area up to speed with the others is to pre-exhaust. Pre-exhausting is the isolation (involving a single muscle group) and exhaustion of a muscle before involving it in a compound lift (involving several muscle groups). For example, you can perform 3 sets of bent lateral raises in order to pre-exhaust your rear delts which will be forced to work much harder during wide grip upright rows, thereby facilitating more stimulation and growth. The same can be done with performing side lateral raises to pre-exhaust the medial deltoids before seated dumbbell presses.
The delts respond very well to training to failure within the rep range of 12-15. It is within this range that an adequate amount of blood can be forced into the muscle to expand and tear as many micro fibers as possible for a maximum hypertrophic response. I explained the pump in detail in my last article entitled "tickets to the gun show" Status Vol 8. In short, it is imperative to try to attain the maximum pump during each set in order to stimulate as much growth as possible.
Variety is the spice of life. This holds true for growth as well. All muscle groups respond extremely well to varying not only your order of exercises, but also variations to these exercises. Below I have included several different variations of each exercise. Each is equally effective and should be shuffled into your routine. There is such a large number of combinations to select that you could theoretically design a unique shoulder session each time you enter the gym. However, one thing that should remain consistent at each training session is 100% intensity, commitment to working the muscles to failure and trying to increase the workload from that of the last, either in terms of increased poundage or number of repetitions per heavy working set.
Be sure to stretch as much as possible, before, during and after your training session. This will elongate the muscles and prepare them for the workload you are about to place upon them. Stretching is also important between every set as this will keep muscles loose to avoid injury while facilitating growth. It should be noted that one should not overstretch, but lightly pull the muscle until it feels tight, then hold this stretch for 10 seconds.
The pump is also responsible for stretching the muscles. As the muscles become engorged with blood, the muscle fascia expands. The greater the pump, the more ability the muscle has to grow.
A beginner should try 2-3 exercises per shoulder session and pair the delts with another muscle group. An intermediate to advanced level trainer (3-5 years of consistent training), may chose to devote an entire session to the shoulders, should aim for 5 exercises and a total of 3-4 sets per exercise.
Now that you have read through a plethora of variations to each exercise, it is time to take this theory and apply it to your training sessions. It would have been much simpler to give you, the reader, five of my favorite shoulder exercises and send you on your way. However, the truth is, I don't really have any favorites, as I feel that each of the above is highly effective and I rotate them week to week and month to month. Each person will likely respond differently to each exercise. It will be through the sampling each of these motions that you choose which works best for your physique. Then over time, you should repeat the more effective motions and discard the lesser. This is how you will form your own ultimate shoulder routine one day, consistently make gains and pack on the mass.
Sample Shoulder routine:
Numbers set and reps please also does this reference match up with your description of exercises?
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